Zeffirelli film Essay Example

Zeffirelli film Essay Example Zeffirelli film Essay Zeffirelli film Essay Essay Topic: To Build a Fire In the Luhrman film, the Montague Boys are seen as loud and bold. The clothes that they wear are brightly coloured Hawaiian shirts, which make them stand out. The Capulet Boys are seen as the Bad Boys looking like gangsters because they wear black suits, have goatees and arrive in a blacked out car. The camera mainly focuses on Tybalt; he wore metal-heeled boots, which he put a match out with. This could represent the stamping out of a life. The camera zoomed in and did a close up of this.In the Zeffirelli film the Capulets wore bright yellow and red doublets, hoes and hats. The Montague boys wore blue liverys. The characters seemed a lot calmer and peaceful, even though there is tension between the two families. This could represent the period in which it was filmed. The Zeffirelli film was a lot more faithful to Shakespeare play but it was more exaggerated by repeating sentences, Do you bite your thumb at me? The clothing that was warned made it more true to Shakespeares play because it was in the style of the period.The cinematography that was used in the Luhrman film started with a camera shot focused on a television screen which was in the distance and fuzzy. The camera moved in on the television screen and a ring appeared it is broken in half and has I love thee engraved on to it. The newspaper headings that appeared created a montage. A couple of the headlines being, Civil blood and Ancient Grudge.This version had quite few close ups, some being when the different families arrived in their cars. The camera did a close up of each familys number plate. The Montagues was MON002 and the Capulets was CAP005. The camera focused on to the guns, which were tucked in to the holsters, they had their own familys name engraved on to their guns. There was also a symbol on them in gold. One of the Montague Boys has a gun with Sword 9mm on. The camera did a close up of Tybalts metal healed boot while he was stamping out a match.The Zeffirelli film begins with a shot of the whole of Verona, which shows you the walled town, narrow streets and tall buildings, which creates mystery. The camera then moves in to the Capulets walking in to the market. There are also low shots looking up at the tall buildings. There is more lower camera shots in the Luhrman film so you can see the tall buildings, and scenery. The camera focuses on the two skyscrapers one with Montague on and the other had Capulet on with a small statue of Jesus Christ between them. This give the impression that the two families think that they are more important than Jesus Christ. There are more close ups used in the Luhrman version.The music and sound effects, which are used in the Luhrman film, were louder and modern. It fits in with the fast lifestyle of the characters. The different families have different types of music associated with them, the Montagues was heavy dance beat music and the Capulets was jagged guitar music. There was a few sound effects used effectively, the explosion of gunshots and car noises.In the Zeffirelli film, the music and sound effects are more contemporary to Shakespeare. Most of the music is classical which creates a softer, calmer and peaceful atmosphere. The pace of the film is a lot slower that the Luhrman film. The music that is used in both films gives the image of the speed of the two films. There were not many sound effects used in the 1968 version, some which were used were the church bell ringing, horse shoes clattering, these are everyday realistic noises.I first noticed that editing has been used in the Luhrman film when the newspaper headlines create a montage at the start. This explains what has been happening with the two families Capulet Vs Montague. The ring, which was also shown at the beginning of the film, could suggest that Romeo and Juliet are in love with each other and their families are keeping them separate. There are also fast shots to create tension between the families, at the beginning of the film, which creates a peaceful and reflective atmosphere.In the Zeffirelli version, Romeo is filmed holding a flower this could indicate that he was in love. There is an outburst of shouting between the two families, Do you bite your thumb at me? I think that the Montagues over reacted about this, by repeating themselves and getting louder. That was how the society was at the time that this film was made. I preferred the Baz Luhrman version of the film even though the Zeffirelli film was more conventional to Shakespeare, because it was a lot more modern. The pace of the film was also faster that the Zeffirelli version, which was a lot slower, paced this made it easier for me to understand.

Comparative Analysis of FM Stations Pakistan Essay Example

Comparative Analysis of FM Stations Pakistan Essay Example Comparative Analysis of FM Stations Pakistan Essay Comparative Analysis of FM Stations Pakistan Essay RADIO: ABSTRACT: For the sake of our assignment task that is to canvas FM 101, 103 and 107 broadcasting we have tuned up all these three FM and listened to it by going beyond from a silent listener to an analyst. For this purpose we have keep an eye on their programs, way of speaking of RJs and DJs, use of medium for conveying message that is language, sort of music, news coverage and so on. While during this period of our listening of these FM we can easily analyze that by providing quality and variety to its listeners through unique programs it has established its place as a listeners first hoice in a very short span of time. Also the wealth of information and melodious music catering the diverse tastes of its listeners. Here we comparatively give the overview of all three FM stations. INTRODUCTION: Radio was at first known as wireless, and it became an important worldwide means of communication. A radio refers to an electronic device that works by receiving radio wave (an electromagnetic wave) that has the capacity to broadcast news, speech, music and other audio through the air. It is a medium of communication. It is a portable device which was invented by Marconi the great Italian scientist. Freeform radio is an art form. The airwaves are the empty canvas, the producer is the artist, and the sound is the paint. Julius Lester Radio is a fascinating medium among the various mass communication media because of its special characteristics. If we compare it to other mass media, radio consistently ranks as the most popular means of disseminating information, regardless of the continent. It is also effective not only in informing the people but also entertains listeners and creates awareness regarding many social issues and need for social reformation. It continues to be as relevant and potent as it was in the arly years despite the emergence of more glamorous media. RADIO WAVES: Radio waves transmit music, conversations, pictures and data invisibly through the air, often over millions of miles it happens every day in thousands of different ways! Even though radio waves are invisible and completely undetectable to humans, they have totally changed society. Whether we are talking about a cell phone, a baby monitor, a cordless phone or any one of the thousands of other wireless technologies, all of them use radio waves to communicate. Here are Just a few of the everyday technologies that depend on radio waves: AM and FM radio broadcasts Cordless phones. LIST OF RADIO CHANNELS IN PAKISTAN: Radio Pakistan AM 820 Karachi City FM 89 Karachi Radio ONE FM 91 Karachi Radio FM 93 ( BY Radio Pakistan) Planet FM 94(By Radio Pakistan) Radio FM IOI(BY Radio Pakistan) Radio Active FM 96 Karachi Ziauddin University FM 98. 2 Karachi(Campus Radio) Josh FM 99 Karachi/Lahore FM 100 Karachi Mast FM 103 Karachi HOT FM 105 Karachi HUM FM 106. 2 Karachi ZAB FM 106. Karachi Apna Karachi FM 107 PUBLIC INTEREST IN FM RADIO: Even though, television has completely overshadowed its predecessor as a broadcasting channel, still the numbers of radio listeners is immensely growing over he years. Despite the ever growing number of television channels radio to date is considered one of the fastest means of information. The mobility of radio through cars, cell phones and other electronic gadgets has helped in increased number of radio listeners resulting in rigorous competition between radio channels. All the efforts of radio channels are towards attracting large listenership for their FM networks. Whether you are stuck at a traffic Jam or you are feeling alone at your home one can always tune into FM and be updated with the latest information in politics, fashion, health, education, weather and what not. FM 101 : In October 1998 Radio Pakistan started FM transmission from Islamabad, Karachi and Lahore under the title of FM 101 exclusively for entertainment. It was launched as the counterpart of FM 100 as the Pakistan Broadcasting Corporation (PBC) authorities wanted to cash in on the radio boom themselves too, fearing monopoly of a private channel in this regard. During the earlier times, FM 101 maintained a low profile and didnt attracted much listener ship, at least not in the beginning as the methods used were crude and outdated, much like that of Radio Pakistan itself. With the launch of FM 101 International, the channel gained an upper edge nd today seems to be winning the race as FMIOO suffers from a serious financial crisis. It Network is spread around 9 cities of Pakistan list of the cities are Islamabad, Lahore, Multan, Karachi, Quetta, Faisalabad, Hyderabad, Sialkot, Peshawar, and Sargodha. Also FM 101 s transmission is available on Asia sat 3 and also on the web. SHOWS LIST OF FM 101 : S. NO ANCHORS NAME SHOWS RIZWAN ALI AHMED HOWZ THAT 2 RJ MEHAK GOOD EVENING 101 6PM 3 RJ FAIZA SUNDAY SPECIAL 11 AM 4 RJ NASIR KHAN GHUNCHA E SHOUQ 2 AM 5 RJ ASIM RAZA 101 INTERNATIONAL 12 MN 6 RJ ARSALAN EVENING DRIVE TIME 7 RJ BILAL HADER SMILE AND DIAL 8 RJ NEELAM CHOICE JUST FOR YOU RJ FAIZA BASHIR SATURDAY SPECIAL 10 RJ SADAF RANI GOOD MORNING 101 PAKISTAN 7 AM 12 RJ NAIL-A TAHIR 13 RJ ZAHRA SIKANDAR ANALYTICAL OVERVIEW OF FM 101 : 1. AREAS OF TRANSMISSION: The FM channel transmission reach in three major cities that is Islamabad, Lahore, Karachi. 2. MUSIC: The programme consists of music mainly of the pop variety. Western music has also been allocated two hours every day, form 3 to 4 in the afternoon and 8 to 9 in the evening. 3. INFORMATION: The transmission is sprinkled with information on a variety of topics including driving tips, horoscopes, sports, weather updates, culture and civilization, health and ygiene, quiz, women and kids issues, fashion and style and even stocks and business hints. 4. GUESTS: Prominent personalities of different fields of life are also invited in live shows to talk to the listeners and answer their phone calls. FM 101 channel also broadcast Current Affairs issues as and when required. 5. FAN FOLLOWING: The listeners give their feedback and have interaction which the DJs of FM 101 channel through SMS service, e-mails and letters. The transmission of FM 101 is also available on the web. 6. PRESENTATION: The success of any broadcast organization depends on the style presentation echniques, it has adopted. Therefore, the first and foremost demand of FM 101 from its presenters is subject knowledge, language efficiency and vocabulary with communication skills and mannerism. The presenters of the channel have been provided these skills with extensive training and guidance by experienced production team of PBC. MUST FM 103: INTRODUCTION: Faisalabad and Multan. It was proved by a survey that in the period of six year it become popular among the mass listeners and left behind other FM networks in the race to provide continuous entertainment to its listeners reaching to majority areas of the country. As today effective MASTS transmission covers almost 47 different cities, towns and areas besides the four cities with which it first started its transmission. The signal loop in these major four cities extends up to 120 km from one corner to the other corner and covers a listenership of about 35 million individuals across the country. FM 103 is not Just for a particular class, age group, segment or language but it aims to entertain and inform every segment of our society. FM 103 play the music of all genres like rock, pop, classical etc. also keep people updated from its news bulletin. Mast FM 103 also has achieved brand of the ear award in 2009 which was the proof of tremendous success and hard work of its management, anchors, RJs, DJs and other technicians. LIST OF PROGRAMS ON MAST FM 103: ANCHOR NAME SHOW TIMINGS ZULFIQAR ALI SHAH Mehran rung wid zulfiqar ali shah Sun(l ti13pm ) 2. AKMAAM SALEEM 1 . Drive to Midnight 2. Gabbalay 10-12am Fridays 8-10pm Saturdays 3. SYED AZHAR HUSSAIN Cafe Karachi Wednesday Saturday(2:OOam to 04:00am ) 4. DR. EJAZ WARS Voice of 103 sat and sun 10 till 11 pm 5. AFZAL SAHIR Mau] Mela Friday 4. 30 to 6pm HASN NAVEED AFRIDI 1. Midnight fungama with midnight traveler- taaron bhari raat 2. Ring and swing . Love connection 4. Beats and bites Thursday 12am 12pm 2pm Tuesday, wed sat 4-6 pm 7. 12am- 2 am HAMMAD ISMAEEL Mast morning with Hammad Ismaeel Thursday loam- 12 pm and Friday sat 8am to loam 8. SAHIR LODHI The sahir show Monday Friday 8 pm to IOpm 9. RJ ZIA KHAN 1 . Pakhtoonkhwa Guloona 2. Mast drive time sun 9 am- llam 4- 6 Thursday 10. RJ FIZZA AHSAN 1 . lts My Way The High Way 2. weekend morning 11. ABU RASHID Hyde park with abu Rashid and bilu baht Tuesday and Wednesday 12-2 night 12. LEENA SHAH 1 . Romance Over doze 2. Dil Ki FIR 4 . 1ive love and laugh with leena 5. siyasi adakaar Friday night at 2 Sunday Night at 2 Tuesday Night at 2 Wednesday night at 8 Monday Tuesday 3pm 13. RJ SHOAIB AHMED 1 . The Sunset Show 2. Morning Buzz 3. Food for Soul 4. Shoaib in control 6PM (Monday Friday) 8AM (Wednesday) 12PM Afternoon (Saturday) 12pmsaturday 14. RJ NAJIA AHMED 1 . Dareechay 2. Meter Down Sunday (10:00pm to 12:00pm ) Tuesday (6:00 to 8:00 pm ) Wednesday (6:00 to 8:00 pm ) 15. HADI SYED RJ on Mast FM 103 Wednesday : 12 to 2am Friday : 2 to 4am RJ FATIMA ZEHRA 1 . HouseFull 2. MP3 3. Status Update 4. Humshehri Mondays 6pm Wednesdays 4pm Saturdays.. 4pm Saturdays. 3 pm ANALYTICAL OVERVIEW OF FM 103: CONTENT: The programs of FM 103 are unique in its content and value the diversity in our society by offering varieties of programs. Their programs not only focus on one genre of people but cover all sorts of topic such as awareness programs, entertainment, information, health issues etc. Also like TV Must morning with Hammad and Bhazma- e-ghazal programs in night are also aired on it. Thus people from different backgrounds can also entertain and get benefit from it. LANGUAGE: Pakistan is the country where people speak variety of languages that is Urdu, English, Sindhi, Punjabi, Pushto, Balochi etc. herefore, on keeping in view this also FM 103 aired on its transmissions in mix languages. But as we all know that Urdu is our mother tongue and English is another widely speaking language in our country that is why still in the presence of these languages most of the people in Pakistan prefer Urdu and English. So on FM 103 during broadcasting of their programs mostly Urdu medium is utilizing for conveying messages while English and other regional languages are also used as according to the preferences of public. MUSIC: As people are found of music therefore playing of music on different channels has becomes a trend. Also FM 103 follows this trend; they not only play Pakistani pop music but as well as Indian, UK bhangra pop, latest songs of movies, ghazals and folk songs are also played for listeners of all ages. Furthermore, they play music according to the theme of their shows also they try to adjust their song list according to the time of the day like in afternoon different music and at night time different music are playing. While in some programs viewers choice of song are also take in account dunng live calls. QUIZES, COMPETITIONS GREETINGS: The things which make its shows unique from others are their numerous ompetition, quizzes and valuable gift offering which create an interest in listeners and make them to stick with it. Moreover TWINKLE TWINKLE TODAY STAR of one minute duration also runs time to time in which they not only wish the birthdays to the peoples related to that day but also tells them of their star qualities. 5. NEWS: Mast FM 103 is not at all Just about entertainment it is also a source of information with 19 hourly news bulletins that is LATEST NEWS ON FM 103 being aired from 06. 0 a. m. till 12 a. m. They also provide news bulletin after every half an hour in the about the current national and international affairs. Moreover weather update and sports are the regular features of their news. OTHER INFORMATION: Not only they provide information about current updates but they also provide special reports, short documentaries and sports programs to keep their listeners informative and updated about what is happening in the world. Also these programs are presented by some most popular presenters of FM community. While in time of trouble in the city (heavy rain, coming of rallies on road, bomb blast etc. ) they guide viewers about traffic Jam and also advised them to opt alternatives path to reach to their destiny easily. FAN FOLLOWING: No doubt that FM 103 has a huge fan of following and also many people take interest in their programs. This fact is proved from vast number of calls, SMS and Facebook messages received by the DJs and RJs of any show. The choice of programs, hosts, guests presenting and addressing various issues and topics by the viewers indicate the extensive effort put in by the team of the station. SPONSOR SHOWS: FM 103 also gives airtime to their sponsors. Many programs are still running by different sponsor such as state life insurance sponsor HAPPY LIFE WITH STATE LIFE PROGRAM, Haft roza hum sheri magazine sponsor HUM SHEHRI SHOW and Olpers ponsor TANHAYYA DRAMA etc. The time duration of these programs may range from half an hour to one hour while during these programs they also run advertisement of the sponsors. ADVERTISMENT: In this contemporary era, in order to full fill the budget of their programs advertisement is considered necessary. Therefore, during running of the programs advertisements are also giving on break. But, we know that everything has a limit and if it surpasses its limit than it become intolerable. Like that happens in FM 103 as during running of their programs they also ran advertisement for long time and also epeat it again and again which annoys the listeners very much. ANCHORS: As we know that most of the people tuned to FM in order to listen their favorite anchors that is DJs and RJs programs due to their unique voice or style of talking. Here on FM 103 famous RJs and DJS such as Hasni naveed afridi, abu Rashid, shoaib ahmed etc are also present which not only grab the attention of viewers by their unique style but people can also appreciate them from their live calls and also on Facebook the fans of these anchors like their pages and also give suggestions to make their programs better. While on the dark side some anchors also present which only focus on their programs rating and not focus on the content of the programs. APNA KARACHI FM 107: Apna Karachi is a Pop radio station. It is broadcasted in Karachi, Pakistan. Apna Karachi 107 is here here to stay in your hearts, in your minds; buzzing freely in the air for us to enjoy anytime and anywhere in Karachi. The city of lights has now acquired yet another ideal to lighten itself even more and to make it glow even brighter. For the people of Karachi, we are Apna Karachi aik sau saath. Sub se alag sub ke saath From the city that drives the nation, appeared a new FM channel backed with a flaring creative talent base, we have Just the right ingredients to make Apna Karachi, your channel of choice. It is a very good and useful site for those who really wanted to know all about Karachi. It provides lot of information about Karachi. It gives latest news about different events that take place in Karachi as well as in Pakistan. ANALYTICAL OVERVIEW OF FM 107: CONTENT Apna Karachi FM 107 is the vast and famous channel among other stations. It transmit different sort of contents such as different type of Ads are played on it, pop usic, Ghazal programs, informative and comedy shows, the live transmission of cricket and news from all around the world all are broadcasted on Apna Karachi FM 107. SHOWS Apna Karachi FM 107 broadcast different programs including DIL YEHI MAANGTA with unstoppable soundtrack, aired daily for two hours, BHANGRA shows in which RJs used Punjabi language to entertain their listeners and play Punjabi song, where as FUNKY TUNKY is a comedy show which come on Thursday at around loam to 12pm contain different topics for their diverse audience and also the morning show TAAZA DUM played from garn to llprn. 3) QUICK UPDATES Along with news, quick updates about traffic Jam are also transmitted so people could not face any hurdles in reaching their destinations. They suggest people different path when they found traffic Jam on roads so that people didnt find any difficulty. 4) AWARENESS ABOUT DISEASES DURING COMMERCIAL BREAK Apna Karachi FM 107 is one of the most popular radio stations that is listen by number of people. With the passage of time it gives awareness about different diseases for instance Naegleria Fowler, Breast Cancer, Osteoporosis etc so, that eople could save themselves from such diseases. ) NEWS FM 107 brings a breeze of fresh air to the sound waves, making sure that this powerful medium reaches across to the listeners who crave foot tapping music, up to date news, engaging discussions and exciting road shows. It provides different sort of information. After every hour FM 107 provides news headlines in order to keep aware the people about the situation of the city. DUNYA NEWS and BBC in Urdu play an important with FM 107. DUNYA NEWS presents hourly news at daytime whereas, BBC provide morning and evening news. News updates are sponsored by elecommunication network Zong, Urdu language is used for all updates. ) ENTERTAINMENT FM 107 is the source of entertainment. Entertainment sector is wider here as FM 107 more focus on music, time to time it plays different songs such as old music, pop music, remix etc and also comedy shows such as BHANGRA, so that people didnt lose their interest and keep tune in. 7) LANGUAGE The language used by the RJs is simple and can be understood by anyone and they conduct it in such a way that people didnt get bore and show their keen interest, listen it, stay in and keep humming with the tunes of Apna Karachi FM 107. Usually

Has neoliberalism impacted men and women differently Essay

Has neoliberalism impacted men and women differently - Essay Example The emergence of neoliberalism and the globalization however, also brought forward the different social and political inequalities. The changing social order which took place as a result of the neoliberalism is believed to have taken the women out of the family equation and has placed her in the midst of crisis. What is so important with the neoliberalism is that it pushes the regulation of a society out of the hands of government and places it in the hands of market with the belief that the social equality and justice will be restored. Due to the market driven social, political and economic policies, the overall labor force has became more mobile and women are now being considered as the vital part of the overall labor force of any country. The question of whether this shift towards the neoliberalism has affected men and women equally or in different manner therefore is a valid question which this paper will attempt to explore. A quicker look at the definition of neoliberalism shall be a starting point to discuss the issue of how the neoliberalism has actually affected men and women. ... Though the notion of poor gets poorer and rich gets richer has been highlighted what is also significant to note that the above definition has highlighted the issue of economic policies which are relatively free from the influence of State. Neoliberalism in this regard therefore is a completely new philosophy outlining the lesser role of State and therefore greater power to be given to the market forces. Thus the ultimate goal of neoliberalism is to expand and intensify the markets to such level that every transaction takes place based on the market forces. The ultimate objective of neoliberalism therefore is to envisage a world where every aspect of life is governed by the markets. One of the aims of the neoliberalism therefore are to convert most of the social acts and relations according to the market transactions thus allowing competition to take place between each being. Economic rationality therefore is considered as the driving philosophy behind the regulation of a perfect soc iety. This also means that the overall social relations, gender specific roles as well as the position of man and woman radically altered as a result of this shift towards the more market oriented society based on the notion of economic rationality. Since economic competition served as the guiding principle therefore the maximization of the neoliberalism’s ideology. It is in this wake the sex or gender specific roles have reversed also due to the increasing emphasis on the competition and market driven social relations. The basic ideology of liberalism is based on the liberty and freedom and thus this very fact outline the disappearance of the social relations which might result into any kind of handicap between the social relations and compromise the liberty

Students to demonstrate an understanding of public relations in travel Essay

Students to demonstrate an understanding of public relations in travel and tourism - Essay Example In order to attract tourists in the highly competitive market, the management uses marketing and management tools that should be taken into consideration (Mill and Morrisson, 2002). The most important marketing tool is Public Relations (PR) as it plays a key role in advertising the locations, activities and identities. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the role and importance of PR in the tourism and travel industry. PR in travel and tourism has a very important role to play as it is used in strategic marketing activities and is integrated with marketing communications. The tourism industry is divided into many sectors including travel, tourist destinations, establishments, hotels lodgings and restaurants. The different sectors have their specific audience, public relation tools and convey different messages. The important role of PR is to create favourable perceptions about the tourist destination because success of the industry relies on the different sectors as explained by Deuschl (2006). The sectors need effective PR to gain popularity among the tourists. The PR department creates a positive impression in all the sectors in the travel and tourism industry. The role of PR involves attracting customers and keeping them entertained after they arrive at the destination to their time of departure. The primary purpose of PR is to effectively support other marketing and sales activities attempting to build a positive image of a company, its services and products (Deuschl, 2006). PR help the organization to save money by enhancing relations with the public that constrain or enhance the ability of the entity to meet its obligations. PR is different from other marketing tools, most importantly advertising since it creates the launch of a brand and it has greater credibility. PR promotes improved understanding between the operators and customers. There has been increased competition in the tourism sector among the operators to create

Honduras Essay Example for Free

Honduras Essay The Republic of Honduras is located in the north-central part of Central America, and has two coastlines, one being the Pacific, and the other being the Caribbean. Honduras is the second largest county in Central America. Honduras is almost as big as Tennessee, and contains many mountains, river valleys, narrow coastal plains, and fertile plateaus. Nicaragua is located to the east of Honduras, while Guatemala is to the west, and El Salvador is to the south. Honduras follows a Democratic constitutional republic government. Honduras was territory of the Mayan civilization during the first millennium. In 1821, Honduras declared its independence from Spain, to for m a federation of Central American states with four other nations. One year later, Honduras left the federation. Politics got Honduras riled up in the early 1900s, causing U. S. Marines to hop in and calm the ascending situation. We all know how important football is to other countries. El Salvador invaded Honduras after the deportation of thousands of Salvadorans. In 1969, this was called â€Å"the football war† because it started in a soccer game, and around five thousand people lost their lives in this war. Thankfully, the Organization of American States forced El Salvador to drop out, ending the war. For Culture, some of Honduras’ national holidays include there day of independence on the 15th of September, and Children’s Day on the 10th of September. Children’s Day is celebrated in homes, schools, and churches, and on that day, children receive presents and parties, closely relation to our Christmas. For Honduras Independence Day, it starts early in the morning with festivities and marching bands wearing unique colors and accessories. Ironically, Fiesta Catracha is celebrated on the same day. During the Fiesta Catracha, food is served throughout the day, including beans, tamales, baledas, cassava with chicharron, and tortillas. When Christmas Eve comes around, the people of Honduras reunite with their respected families and close friends, to have dinner, and hand out presents at midnight. Sometimes, fireworks are set off at midnight. Finally, birthdays consist of the famous Pinata, which is filled with candy and surprises for the children. The Coat of Arms for Honduras is a equilateral triangle, with a volcano at the base, between three castles, with a rainbow and sun over it.

Ford Motor Company :: Business Management Marketing Essays

Ford Motor Company is the world's largest producer of trucks, and the second largest producer of cars and trucks combined. Ford has manufacturing, assembly or sales affiliates in 34 countries and Ford companies employed 337,800 people world-wide in 1996. Ford has manufacturing facilities in 22 countries on 5 continents, with 87 plants in North America and 41 in Europe. In Europe, in 1995, Ford's combined vehicle market share, at 12.2%, was the highest for eleven years, with three of the eight best-selling cars. In 1995, in the United States, five of the ten top- selling vehicles were Ford, including the best-selling car (Ford Taurus) and best-selling truck (F-series). On January 1, 1995, Ford merged its North American Automotive Operations and its European Automotive Operations into a single organization, Ford Automotive Operations. Instead of being organized by geographic regions, the Company is now realigned by product line, with five Vehicle Centers, each responsible for one group of products worldwide. At the same time, Ford is reducing the time taken to develop a new vehicle from 48 to 24 months and reducing engines, transmissions, and basic vehicle platforms by 30% worldwide. Ford hopes that by pooling global skills and resources will result in more variations on each vehicle platform, increasing the number of vehicles introduced over the next five years by 50%. One of the key strategies behind the realignment has been growth. Ford has launched a variety of new initiatives throughout the world, with joint ventures for the assembly of vehicles in countries as diverse as China, India, Thailand and Vietnam. In China, Ford expects to begin production of light trucks with a company named Jiangling Motors in the near future. In India, Mahindra Ford India Ltd. will begin manufacture and distribution of Ford products, beginning with the Ford Escort, in mid-1996 and Fiesta in 1998. In Thailand, Ford has a joint venture to produce pick-up trucks and in Vietnam, Ford plans to build a vehicle assembly plant at Hanoi, together with partners Song Cong Diesel. In Poland, the Plonsk plant has begun to build Escorts and Transits. Joint ventures are establishing a presence for Ford all over the globe. Ford is working with two companies in Korea, one to supply automotive air conditioning units and the second as a new joint venture to produce electronic components later this year. In addition to the 20% of Jiangling Motors, China, acquired by Ford in 1995, four further manufacturing joint ventures in China have been set up to produce radiators, glass, plastic and electronic components. Ford has also acquired a 45% equity in South African company, Samcor, for the assembly of Ford

Impact of newspaper in the age of electronic media

The impact of newspaper in the age of electronic media Today many can say that electronic media(TV, satellite) is ruling the whole news arena. But the impact of printed news is something different. When we watch TV news, one can easily switch the channel with remote, the impact of what we saw in the news channel may easily be diverted In our mind by other sport channel, serial or movie. But that hardly happens when we read newspaper with a cup of tea In morning breakfast.The news directly hits our refreshed minds as the purpose of news should be. We can concentrate on letters printed on the paper, merely having any distractions like satellite. Impact of electronic media Is undeniable. But newspaper does something more permanent. We can miss some point of news In 1 hour telecast , but newspaper presents It In details -It Is difficult to miss any Important news there with big headlines unless you are in a hurry. Sometimes necessary adds(job, scholarship) are found in newspaper while tu rning pages .But that is not possible in TV satellites. Promotions of mobile companies, Did offers, etc are available in the printed news. That will be impossible to get all that in one channel or one site. We get all kinds of social view in one paper ,but never in one channel or website. So, the power of printed news remains superior even in the flourish of electronic media. The fact that we see news in the TV may seem more modern, but what we read in the newspaper , that has more permanent effect on our mind.

Educational Psychology and Learning

TeacherThe role of the teacher is to examine and calibrate the progress of each pupil which they are responsible for. The teacher plans the lesson and schemes of work as well as directs the class. A Teacher carries out assessments and evaluations and follows the national curriculum. They are accountable and responsible for each and every pupil under their jurisdiction. It is their role to collect and summarise information to identify each pupil’s achievement. The teacher identifies the learning objective and reports to the class when it should be accomplished.A teacher will comply with end of term/year reports and be able to communicate with staff, other professionals and parents regarding each student’s progress and ability. A dedicated teacher would be acquainted with a pupil’s interests and their learning styles. Be enthusiastic and committed and the ability to work with a diversity of needs. A teacher has to be flexible, highly motivated have excellent organi sational skills and be a good motivator. Importantly a teacher should demonstrate being a good role model, maintain discipline and praise their pupils.Learning Support PractitionerThe role of the teacher assistant is to promote a pupil’s learning and development by supporting the pupils, teacher, school and national curriculum. The key role is to support and guide the pupil to help achieve the learning objective. Their job is to help the pupils under the direction and guidance of the teacher. A teaching assistant should have a good knowledge of the subject of which they are supporting in order to deliver it effectively. They should be able to deliver feedback to the teacher on pupil’s progress and monitor it, as well as liaise with the teacher on the previous learning objective and reflect on it.A teaching assistant have to observe and comply different formats of observations. Provide clerical support and monitor and maintain resources. A T.A. also has to be a good rol e model, maintain discipline, be flexible and respect pupil’s social and cultural background. Good organisational skills and the ability to praise pupils are essential.Ultimately the two roles desire the pupils to reach their full learning potential. Both should complement each other, work alongside each other as a team in order to achieve the best outcome for each student .JAYNE WEBB MAY 2012-05-041.2SUMMARISE THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN FORMATIVE AND SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT.Summative Assessment or Assessment of LearningSummative Assessment is conducted to identify the progress which pupils have made at the end of term, end of course or scheme of work. This is a summary of the overall learning of a pupil’s achievement which involves pupils undertaking standardised tests or external examinations. This form of summative learning is to judge the progress made at the end of a period of study. Summative Assessment is completed for:SAT’S results Class teacher assessments Rev iews of pupils with SEN Pupils’ annual school reports External examinations GSCE’s & AS & A LevelsFormative Assessment or Assessment for learningFormative Assessment is the ongoing monitoring and assessment of pupil’s work with accompanying feedback to help them improve their performance. Formative assessment makes judgements about the pupils’ progress that is currently being carried out with an intention of informing teachers and pupils about how their work may be modified, improved or changed. This form of assessment for learning engages not only the teacher but the pupil and can be used to check the learning in any lesson.Teacher using open ended questions that will encourage the pupil to think for themselves â€Å"How do you think that could have been done better?†Listen to pupils’ explanations and description of methods on how they study.A Teacher/Teaching Assistant asking questions to pupils to check their understanding.Observing pupil s is a most informative method of gaining knowledge on a pupil’s progress. There are different types of observation depending on the learners needs.A learning objective should always be identified at the start of the learning activity, so a pupil will understand what they are learning and at the end have they achieved the learning objective. This method teaching will engage a pupil in reviewing their own progress. JAYNE WEBB MAY 2012-05-051.3EXPLAIN THE CHARACTERISTICS OF ASSESSMENT FOR LEARNING.Assessment for learning is the key term of using assessment as part of teaching and learning in ways which will raise learners’ achievements.Assessment for learning is highly effective in improving the quality of learning, which is why it has been introduced and proved to be successful. The definition of assessment for learning – it is the process of seeking evidence, interpreting for use by learners and teachers to decide where the learners are up to in their learning a nd where they need to go and how best to get there.The key characteristic of assessment for learning is that it shares the learning objective and its aim with the pupil. In doing so it identifies to the learners exactly how they have to perform to achieve a higher grade, consequently recognise the standards they are aiming for. Questioning the learners about their work enables them to see more clearly what they need to  do next.This engages the learner and involves them in peer assessment and self assessment, so that they are ultimately able to reflect on and recognise their own achievements. This enables pupils to build up on their skills before moving on to the next step. This process involves providing meaningful feedback to the learner on their progress so they know specifically where they are going and how to get there. An important aspect of assessment for learning is that the teacher/teaching assistant continually motivates and promotes confidence with the learner. This who le process is ongoing throughout every learning objective, for both the teacher and the learner in reviewing and reflecting on assessment information.JAYNE WEBB MAY 2012-05-051.4EXPLAIN THE IMPORTANCE AND BENEFITS OF ASSESSMENT FOR LEARNING.Research proves that assessment for learning has a big impact on teaching as it improves the quality of learning for the learner. The learner is not detached from their learning but is actively involved. This empowers the learner to reflect on their progress and improve on their performance. The effect of the learner being more in control of their learning thus increases confidence self-esteem and motivation. The way one feels about them self can have a huge impact on their learning. Research has recognised that assessment for learning has a profound influence on engaging pupils and keeping them interested.Pupils with do not feel part of the learning process may develop low self-esteem, become disengaged and lose interest. By self-assessment pupi ls understand where to improve their studies and how. Effective feedback is important so both able and less able pupils are fully monitored and supported in order for them to reach their full potential. It enables a pupil learning to be adjusted to their own particular needs. Assessment for learning is a device that makes possible for a pupil to understand the aim of what they are doing, what they need to do to reach that aim and where they are in relation to it.JAYNE WEBB MAY 2012-05-05 1.5EXPLAIN HOW ASSESSMENT FOR LEARNING CAN CONTRIBUTE TO PLANNING FOR FUTURE LEARNING CARRIED OUT BY: A)THE TEACHER B)THE LEARNERS C)THE LEARNING SUPPORT PRACTITONERTeacherAssessment for learning greatly contributes to the future lesson planning of the teacher. It informs them of where the pupil is at with their learning and helps dictate the next step of the learning process. It takes place day to day in the classroom and keeps the teacher up to date with each pupil’s progress. This practice s helps the teacher make decisions regarding planning of future learning as well as share targets with the learner. Effective assessment for learners allows teachers to pass on the responsibility of managing their own learning to the pupil.LearnersThis process informs learners to know and recognise the standards for which they should aim. It identifies where they are in relation to this aim and how to achieve it. It helps immensely with an individual’s learning and the increased self awareness of how to learn will develop their confidence and motivation. By self assessment and looking at assessment criteria, pupils are able to ask for support in areas of which they are struggling and distinguish when to ask for it.Learning Support PractitionerThis process informs the actions of a learning support practitioner on what is the best step to take, as well as alter their actions. The whole process enables teachers and learners to review and reflect on personalised learning / thinki ng skills PLTS. This procedure will inform a learning practitioner on how to approach pupil questioning based on what they have discovered about how a pupil learns. Therefore, this increases confidence and promotes effect learning. They may have to alter the pace of the learning to suit every learner so all are given an opportunity to revisit parts of indecision.Reflective Log:At the Alt Valley Community College initially the students are set diagnostic skill tests which indicate their competencies and weaknesses consequently,  identify exactly where they need more help and practice. This informs the Tutor and T.A. to plan for future learning with this student as well as helps the student recognise aims for their own personalised learning programme. For example please see page 7 & 8. JAYNE WEBB MAY 2012-05-05 2.1OBTAIN THE INFORMATION REQUIRED TO SUPPORT ASSESSMENT FOR LEARNING.The learning objectives for the activities The personalised learning/ thinking skills PLTS goals for ind ividual learners The success criteria of the learning activity The assessment opportunities and strategiesAt the beginning of each learning activity the teacher should identify the learning objective, stating exactly what the learners should know at the end of the lesson. A good method of identifying the aim several teachers write W.A.L.T. (what are we learning today) on the board, or W.I.L.F. (what I’m looking for.) This way the learners can keep relating to the aim throughout the learning activity, and keep on task. The teacher must notify the learners about how they are going to be assessed, and how it will take place, in addition to how it will be measured.This procedure helps the learner to take more responsibility for their own learning, a proven effective technique. A pupil needs to think about their own personalised learning whilst working towards a learning objective. Personalised learning is the process of tailoring and matching teaching and learning around way diff erent learners learn in order to meet individual needs, interest and aptitudes to enable every pupil to reach their most advantageous potential.This helps to promote their own personal development through self-realisation, self-development and self-enhancement to become active, responsible, self-motivated learners. The Teacher/Teaching Assistant and learner always need to look at the success criteria of the learning activity. The standard and success criteria should be shared with the learner. For example:What pupil is learning – to write in paragraphs Success criteria – pupil able to write in paragraphsWhy they are learning it – learner is only able to achieve a grade D in  English if they are unable to write in paragraphs, to achieve a higher grade they must learn to write in paragraphs. How assessment will take place – teacher and teaching assistant will check pupil’s work to ensure they are consistently writing in paragraphs. A proven method is providing examples to the pupil which helps to meet the success criteria. As learners are supported assessment opportunities and strategies have to be used to motivate pupils to think about their work and progress. This is the process of utilising the best approach and techniques for the ongoing assessment during the learning activity.JAYNE WEBB MAY 2012-05-072.2 USE CLEAR LANGUAGE AND EXAMPLES TO DISCUSS AND CLARIFY PERSONALISED LEARNING GOALS AND CRITERIA FOR ASSESSING PROGRESS WITH LEARNERS.Usually secondary school pupils have personalised learning goals for each subject which are noted on their interim reports, which are updated as the term progresses. The personalised learning goals reflect the learning objective of activities and take account of the past achievements and current learning needs of individual learners. The subject teacher usually collates pupils with the same ability and personalised learning goal so they can work together and their needs tailored as a group. Individual or personalised learning plans are in place for pupils with additional needs and their personal targets documented. This will have been agreed and signed with the pupil, parents/carers and teachers.Reflective Log:At the Alt Valley Training Centre I did an assessment of learning on a pupil’s diagnostic skills numeracy examination. I noticed the pupil completely failed the percentages part of the paper. This pupil was due to undertake an apprenticeship in joinery. I spoke to the pupil and brought these findings to his attention and emphasised the importance of percentages in joinery, and the success criteria in achieving it, in order to complete his apprenticeship. I downloaded resources regarding this topic and I am at present in the process of working with him for the ongoing assessment of the learning activity.JAYNE WEBB MAY 2012-05-072.3 USE ASSESSMENT OPPORTUNITIES AND STRATEGIES TO GAIN INFORMATION AND MAKE JUDGEMENTS ABOUT HOW WELL LEARNERS ARE PARTICIPATING I N ACTIVITIES AND THE PROGRESS THEY ARE MAKING. Ensure pupils understand the learning objective or any individual learning targets so they can assess their own progress as they proceedExplain to pupils on how to reach the learning objectiveListen to pupils describe their work and their reasoningCheck pupils understanding through questioning and using open-ended questionsObserve pupils noticing the kinds of strategies they are using and what they are finding difficultEngage pupils in reviewing their own progress throughout the learning activityInform pupils on how they will be assessedIf possible provide examples of work produced by other learnersContinually provide support and oral feedback as pupils are working as well as assessment and praiseGive opportunities for self or peer assessmentIf possible allocate time for pupils to discuss work before handing it inProvide written feedback Reflective Log:I worked with the students whom failed the percentage paper. I demonstrated the metho d of percentages and then asked him a few questions to check whether he understood. He then attempted some himself and was struggling.I continued to sit and observe him and asked him why he was doing the sum via that method. I continued to encourage him and explain the necessity of this qualification. I repeated my strategy to him and we continued through the work booklet. On completion I praised him for his diligence and informed him I would mark it later. JAYNE WEBB MAY 2012-05-072.4 PROVIDE CONSTRUCTIVE FEEDBACK TO LEARNERS TO HELP THEM UNDERSTAND WHAT THEY HAVE DONE WELL AND WHAT THEY NEED TO DEVELOP.For assessment for learning to be effective every learners needs constructive feedback. This developmental pointer is crucial if progress is to be made. It can affirm the pupils’ strengths and identifies the weaknesses. Pupils need feedback during and following each learning activity. The information should be given which centres on their performance and be conveyed positivel y. Pupils should be notified that the feedback is based on facts and should not be taken personally. There are different types of feedback:Affirmative Feedback which if possible should be given during the learning activity to encourage and motivate Developmental feedback which gives suggestions on how to do better next time Both types of feedback can be given orally or written but really need to be given as soon as possible so the pupil can take it on board and action it.This also applies to teachers marking, if feedback is given too long after an activity children forget and find it harder to apply. Research has found that marking within the child’s presence is more helpful to each individual. A technique teachers use for writing on a good learning exercise is â€Å"two stars and a wish† or for improvement guidance â€Å"E.B.I. (even better if)† and suggestions provided. Best practice checklist for providing feedback:Remain non-judgemental Focus on strengths Wo rk through one thing as a time Give constructive feedback where needed and guidance on how a child can improve Link feedback directly to what has been observed or written End the session positivelyReflective log:Regarding the percentage students I sat with him to mark his paper, we worked through it step by step and I praised him on his competent working out calculations, as we were then able to identify at which point his method went wrong. I got him to look at some questions logically and in every day terms so he could then maybe estimate the answer and recognise the difference in his answers. On completion he felt confident about the activity; whereas at the beginning he told me he would never to be able to do it. I conveyed to him how pleased I was with his progress.JAYNE WEBB MAY 2012-05-16 2.5 PROVIDE OPPORTUNITIES AMD ENCOURAGEMENT FOR LEARNERS TO IMPROVE UPON THEIR WORK.Each pupil is an individual and this fact must be recognised and considered when doing assessment for lear ning. Their own personal standards of achievements must be measured against their previous record and not compared to other learners. The next stage of learning must be based on their previous understanding and so on. It is unachievable to continue with the learning plan when a pupil has not understood the previous stage. Learning needs to be built up in a step by step formula, whereas one stage of procedure supports the other to gain an overall concept of the task in hand.Pupils should always be encouraged to discuss any difficulties they entail throughout the learning activity and previous learning experiences. This effective method helps to consolidate their knowledge and reinforce their understanding before moving on with the next topic. This helps motivate them and to promote confidence and self-esteem. These three factors have a huge impact on learners and every effort should be made to uphold and support them. Pupils with low self-esteem should be allocated more time and pati ence and learning objectives clarified regularly. On occasion support staff has to modify or adapt the learning objective in order for them to achieve it.To encourage each pupil to take responsibility for their own learning it has to be discussed with them and the onus placed upon them in relation to: How they think they can improve on their previous practiceWhat do they think went wrong? Did they rush the learning activity?Opportunities provided so they can improve: Do they want to redo the learning activity? Do they wish to stay in at break time? Would they prefer to take it home and do it as homework? Or have they got any other suggestions. JAYNE WEBB MAY 2012-05-123.1 USE INFORMATION GAINED FROM MONITORING LEARNERS PARTICIPATION AND PROGRESS TO HELP LEARNERS TO REVIEW THEIR LEARNING STRATEGIES, ACHIEVEMENTS AND FUTURE LEARNING NEEDS.Assessment for learning is ongoing throughout the learning activity. The review of pupils’ work if possible should be processed during the le arning session. This is not always achievable during certain teaching presentations but if feasible time should be allocated for review. This enables students consider their work at each stage. This encourages the pupil to take responsibility for their own learning and for the teaching assistant to support and translate the teaching.Techniques to help learners review their learning strategies: Using open-ended questions- Where are you up to in your learning? Where do you need to go? And how best to get there. This helps them measure their progress against previous learning activities. Class discussion/in groups/ with a partner/ by yourself. Helps them to think about how they acted the learning activity and think how they could do it differently in the future. Provide sheet with learning objective for learners to refer to and explain objectives Provide oral feedbackUse examples of work in class discussions to highlight the ways that work can be improved Provide positive and construct ive feedbackMatch learning objective to needs in order to provide challenges and set appropriate targets Praise success throughout the learning activity Reflective Log:As part of the Joinery Apprenticeship Diploma the students have to complete and pass a Construction Skills Certificate Scheme CSCS. In order to be  allowed on site. They each individually complete this test online, which is out of 40 questions and the pass mark is 36. The summary identifies the right and wrong answers. I speak to the students during the activity and ask what the reasoning behind them choosing a particular answer was. At times they are placed in pairs so they can work together and accumulate each other knowledge to increase their mark. They are continually told of their last mark and their target each time is just to increase it by 1 mark. We celebrate success and the students gain satisfaction on their own progress and increase confidence that they â€Å"can do† it. JAYNE WEBB MAY 2012-05-123 .2 LISTEN CAREFULLY TO LEARNERS AND POSITIVELY ENCOURAGE THEM TO COMMUNICATE THEIR NEEDS AND IDEAS FOR FUTURE LEARNING.All teaching staff has to listen to all learners in order to identify their own particular strengths and weaknesses in each learning objective. They have to be given the opportunity to converse so that they know and recognise the standard for which they should aim. Via feedback from the learner informs teachers on how to be pro-active to their needs. Consequently, learners discover what they should do next in order to improve. Their own particular learning style has to be considered, for example intrapersonal learners do not thrive doing collaborative group work. By communicating their own personal preferences and ideas helps individuals to own and drive their own attainment. Learners should be encouraged to adopt their own personalised learning approach, which involves taking a highly structured and responsive approach to each learner, in order that they everybody is able to progress achieve and participate.This allows them to explore their own particular interests and reflect on their individual aspirations and learning habits. Research has shown that young people will produce better quality work when dealing with content they have an interest in. Positive encouragement can greatly enhance a learner; it promotes confidence and can give them the boost they needs when they are struggling with a particular task. A constructive comment can help achieve the objective and gain success criteria. This helps the learner to remain engaged and on task in addition to them gaining satisfaction regarding their own progress.Schools have strategies to check on pupils’ learning: Traffic light system- Pupils like to fit in with the class and do not like to be seen asking for help or lack  confidence in requesting it, a pupil has a picture at the top of the page and can colour 1 of 3 lights which indicates on how their coping with the learning activit y, red=help, amber just about on task, green no problems, therefore teachers can identify if help is required. Foggy bits- pupils are given the opportunity to write down or articulate the parts of the session or activity that have not been clear, Write a sentence- pupils are able to put in a sentence the key points of the learning at the end of a unit of work or learning activity.Talk partner review- pupils are given the opportunity to talk to their partner about what they found difficult and what they enjoyed in the learning activity. This can also be done at the beginning of a session to see what the already know. Post it notes/white boards- pupils can easily write down what they have learnt, found easy or hard. JAYNE WEBB MAY 2012-05-153.3 SUPPORT LEARNERS IN USING PEER ASSESSMENT AND SELF-ASESSMENT TO EVALUATE THEIR LEARNING ACHIEVEMENTS.When pupils are involved in assessing their own performance, they can often provide teachers and teaching assistants with insights into their o wn learning. Research has indicated that pupil involvement is likely to encourage pupils to become more focused upon the teacher’s intended learning outcomes, helps them to become more aware of personal areas in which they have strengths and weaknesses and in some instances assist in the management of behaviour.Assessment information is only of value when it is used to improve teaching or learning. Pupils need to know how they are progressing and appreciate being involved in discussions about their own learning. Even on a informal basis teaching staff should find opportunities to engage pupils in discussions about how they feel they are getting on with their work. Supporting pupils with self-assessment techniques:Clarify the purpose of the task – This is so pupils understand why they are doing it Keep assessment criteria simple – Be very clear on what pupils are being assessed against. If there are more than two criteria make them very specific. Encourage pupils to periodically check learning against the criteria – This will keep them focused on what they have to do. Ask pupils to tell you what they think they are doing and why – This enables the teacher to check that children have understood the task and how their learning will be measured. An ideal technique for pupils to build up their assessment skills is through working with adults and their peers.This method enables them to look more objectively at their own achievements. Collaboration in peer assessment allows each pupil to look at one another’s work and notice how it relates to the assessment criteria. They are then able to discuss what they have been asked to do and how their work reflects this, as well as bring to their attention to what teachers are looking for when measuring achievement. Peer assessment should not be used to compare pupils’ grades and achievements. That is why it is important to make it clear to pupils on what they will be assessed a gainst. Peer assessment can also assist in peer learning whereas one pupil can obtain hints and tips from another.JAYNE WEBB MAY 2012-05-153.4 SUPPORT LEARNERS TO: A) REFLECT ON THEIR LEARNING B) IDENTIFY THE PROGRESS THEY HAVE MADE C) IDENTIFY THEIR EMERGING LEARNING NEEDS D) IDENTIFY THE STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES OF THEIR LEARNING STRATEGIES AND PLAN HOW TO IMPROVE THEM. A) Reflect on their learning:Pupils need to be encouraged to reflect on their learning during the process, and not just when it is completed. This is in order to reveal what is the best approach as well as if they are taking the best way towards achieving success criteria.This helps them to understand their own personalised learning and develop thinking skills for improvement. Techniques are to question the pupil to check he understands the purpose of the task, ask what they are doing and why, notify them on what they are being assessed on and be very specific and encourage them to check periodically against the le arning criteria, to ensure they are keeping focused. B) Identify the progress they have made:Teachers need to check that pupils are able to assess their own progress that they have made when working. This can be done through self or peer assessment. Throughout the learning session teachers/teaching assistant should maintain continuous dialogue about the progress they have made. This can be identified by asking questions for example, tell me what you have learnt during this session, and if a question is asked see if another pupil can answer it, or by asking pupils to write down what areas of the topic they found difficult. C) Identify their emerging needs:As a pupil looks at their learning they will begin to know what they need to improve on. They should be told which level they have presently attainted and what they need to do to achieve the next level. For a pupil who is performing beneath their capability a discussion may provide formative points which indicate how they could impr ove. D) Identify the strengths and weaknesses of their learning strategies and plan how to improve on them: The strengths and weaknesses of pupils learning has to be brought to their attention.Assessment materials/resources can be useful and re-assuring to identify to pupils their weaknesses. Or recognize their misconception and use it as a basis to work upon, as this can lead to a more positive to learning from their mistakes. Notify the pupil the area they need more practice on and encourage them to be resilient in their studies. For the pupil who is doing well, a discussion of an assessed piece of work may help them to improve even further by developing those strengths which have been identified to them. Another way of supporting learners is to allow them to keep a journal, in which they can keep a note of their learning and own personalised targets. Self-esteem should always be promoted.4.1 PROVIDE FEEDBACK TO THE TEACHER ON: A) LEARNERS PARTICIPATION AND PROGRESS IN THE LEARNIN G ACTIVITIES B) LEARNERS ENGAGEMENT IN AND RESPONSE TO ASSESSMENT FOR LEARNING C) LEARNERS PROGRESS IN TAKING RESPONSIBILITY FOR THEIR OWN LEARNING.A) Learners participation and progress in the learning activities: When doing assessment for learning techniques the teacher assistant must work closely with the teacher to plan how they are going to fit it into the learning activity. Discussion before the lesson will enable the best opportunities to be sort that then can be included into the activity. The teaching assistant must then provide feedback to the teacher on how the learner contributed to the lesson and how much improvement they have made.This is  in order to find the best strategies to use in the future. Different techniques need to be considered depending on the learner, as some students find some more thought provoking than others. B) Learners engagement in and response to assessment for learning: A Teaching Assistant must consider the different aspect s of assessment for learning when giving feedback to the teacher. The teaching assistant must attempt to connect the learners with their own learning and provide feedback to the teacher on how successful it was. This can be done by completing an observation sheet or orally. Another good method is jotting down comments from the learners during the activity.The teacher may find it useful to know whether the pupil was more responsive and eager to participate if they were told that they doing assessment for learning. Alternatively feedback can be given through group feedback, in which the learners discuss the results of peer assessment with adults. In this way the teacher can find about their learning and feed back is given direct at the same time. C) Learners progress in taking responsibility for their own learning: Learners have to be encouraged to take responsibility for their own learning. Teaching assistant must notify the teacher on how the learner is managing to deal with it. During assessment for learning learners should be asked â€Å"where they are up to in their learning, where they are going and how to get there.† By this method pupils will come to understand that they are the drive behind the force as well as the teaching staff. Usually a successful learning activity identifies that the students have taken responsibility for their own learning. Attempts should be made to empower the learner, for example tell children when working out maths problems include your working out which also creates marks.JAYNE WEBB 2012-05-16 4.2 USE THE OUTCOME OF ASSESSMENT FOR LEARNING TO REFLECT ON AND IMPROVE OWN CONTRIBUTION TO SUPPORT LEARNING.Following learning activities the teacher and teacher assistant need to discuss and reflect on its outcome. This identifies whether or not the learning activity has been successful. A Teaching Assistant must look at their own approach to the learning activity and judge whether their own  approach could be improved when supporting pupils l earning. It should be considered whether different strategies could have worked better with pupils. What can be done to challenge the pupils more and did I question them correctly. There is always room for improvement and reflection on activities gives the opportunity for it to be corrected. Regarding reflection one should think about:How they questioned and encouraged the pupils to look closely at the assessment criteria. How they gave feedback to pupils. How they supported both peer and self assessment. Did they remain non judgemental. Did they focus on strengths? Work through one thing as a time. Give constructive advice where needed and guidance on how a child could improve. Link feedback directly to what has been observed or written. Did the session end positively?Reflective log:I assisted a student working through a maths booklet. I found the students was not co-operating in the activity and was distracted with other happenings in the classroom. I continued with the activity, asking questions, explaining methods etc. Till completed. On reflection it appeared to me that I had done too much of the practicalities and not supported the learner. I should have abandoned the learning activity as it was not vital to the days learning and include the student with the rest of the classes learning activity. That approach would have worked better as the student would have been more engaged.JAYNE WEBB MAY 2012-05-16 3.2 LISTEN CAREFULLY TO LEARNERS AND POSITIVELY ENCOURAGE THEM TO COMMUNICATE THEIR NEEDS AND IDEAS FOR FUTURE LEARNINGReflective Log: Whilst checking the students’ diploma booklet I noticed two students were struggling with spelling, punctuation and grammar and the aims of each question. I spoke to them each separately and explained would they like me  to help them as that was my purpose being here. They both divulged that they were finding the theory difficult. I worked with each student looking through their booklet and asked them to identify their problems in order for me to help them.I discovered that the key words on each question, for example, compare, contrast, analyse, justify etc the students did not comprehend. Afterwards I diligently assessed the booklet making a note of key words and wrote a summary of them together with a dictionary definition, which I stapled to the work booklet. This I showed to the learners assuring them they would find it helpful. I reiterated to them any further problems would they please speak to me and confirmed I would observe them closely in the classroom.3.3 SUPPORT LEARNERS IN USING PEER ASSESSMENT AND SELF-ASSESSMENT TO EVALUATE THEIR LEARNING ACHIEVEMENTS Reflective Log:Regarding the above students I spoke to the tutor and identified their needs and suggested if he and the students agreed could I coach them with their English whenever possible. Presently, we sit together and work through communication and spelling books and I reveal little tips for example, necessary â€Å"rememb er a shirt has 1 collar and 2 sleeves† etc. The students do not cope well with self-assessment; they have not got a long concentration span and poor resilience.But I do continually positively encourage it. I have found that peer assessment has worked well as there is a competitive spirit involved with both of the learners. They have commented on their surprise at their own progress. I confirm to them the importance of English not only to achieve their joinery diploma but an essential life skill.JAYNE WEBB MAY 2012-05-263.4 SUPPORT LEARNERS TO A) REFLECT ON THEIR LEARNING B) IDENTIFY THE PROGRESS THEY HAVE MADE C) IDENTIFY THE LEARNERS EMERGING NEEDS D) IDENTIFY THE STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESS OF THEIR LEARNING STRATEGIES AND PLAN HOW TO IMPROVE THEM. Reflective Log:I was assisting students in a functional skills maths class, the learning objective was to teach the students area, volume and perimeter. The students were not very motivated and I explained the importance of these topic s to achieve their hairdressing diploma as well as in everyday life. I observed each student and commented on their correct formula and suggested they look at parts again.Peer assessment worked quite well in the session as they liaised with each other and gained tips to further their learning. At the end of the session we asked what they found difficult and identified topics to revisit. I liaised with the Tutor and we decided to redo the learning activity at a later date but decided the best approach was to visit each topic- area, formula and perimeter on a separate day as we felt that the students were overloaded with all the different formulas.4.1 PROVIDE FEEDBACK TO THE TEACHER ON: A) LEARNERS PARTICIPATION AND PROGRESS IN THE LEARNING ACTIVITY B) LEARNERS ENGAGEMENT IN AND RESPONSE TO ASSESSMENT FOR LEARNING C) LEARNERS PROGRESS IN TAKING RESPONSIBILITY FOR THEIR OWN LEARNING. Reflective Log:I was asked by the Tutor to observe a student who was completing a ratio booklet and rep ort to her verbally on her progress. This particular student is deemed as lazy and sluggish and has no work ethic. She was reluctant to participate and wanted too much help, in the hope that I would do it for her. As I was keyed up to her approach I engaged her as much as I dared, by explaining then asking questions to check if she understood. I made clear the importance of ratio in hairdressing and her aim to achieve it. She had to begin taking responsibility for her own learning.Surprisingly, she was quite competent with the learning objective. I praised her success and reiterated she had to start working with the tutors and commented, â€Å"Where are you up to in your vocation at the moment? Not interested in maths, you know where you going- hairdressing, How are you going to get there- by working with the tutors and taking notice in the maths class. I spoke to the Tutor and she agreed that was the best approach and we would continue to use these tactics.

The Bright Sides of Academic Intellectuals We Call Nerds

The Bright Sides of Academic Intellectuals We Call Nerds The Bright Sides of Academic Intellectuals We Call Nerds The first thing that would pop-up in your head when somebody says â€Å"Nerd† is an image of a skinny, clumsy, old-fashioned  individual  wearing thick eyeglasses with no appeal. Well, this is actually the  other  side of the â€Å"Nerd† or â€Å"Geek† or â€Å"Bore† or whatever you call them but a Nerd is definitely not a â€Å"Dork† and smarter than a â€Å"cool† kid in school. Nerds are boring and that is because they are not normally interested in stuff most ordinary people do or like such as sports with too much physical exertion, fashionable clothing, parties, and so on. Nerds are more interested in scholarly endeavors like reading books, exploring the nature of things, solving math problems, play some nerdy sports or even more #NerdierSports, and other activities ordinary people don’t normally do. They are commonly unpopular in school but they are smart and do extremely well in academic subjects. In fact, nerds are popular for their strong academic orientation and achievements. A good example is Albert Einstein, an academic-oriented person with a nerdy face, hair, and achievements made him the most successful nerd in the world. Nerds Play Games and Sports It is common for nerds to play computer games such as World of Warcraft, Starcraft, and others but they do love and play sports designed for smart and socially independent people like golf, tennis, billiards, chess, and other more #NerdierSports. Tiger  Woods  is one of the highest paid athlete and the most successful â€Å"nerd† golfer in the world.   Some nerds even enjoy some real competitive games such as softball, basketball, and Ice Hockey. Successful and famous nerds are not only big sports fans but also owners of sports teams like technology billionaire Mark Cuban of Dallas Mavericks. Former Bill Gates business partner and fellow nerd Paul Allen is the owner of the Portland Trailblazers and two other sports teams.Woods is one of the highest paid athlete and the most  successful â€Å"nerd† golfer in the world. Some nerds even enjoy some real competitive games such as softball, basketball, and Ice Hockey. Want to know more? Go here: Perspiration Is Nothing without Inspiration Relieving Students School-Related Stress Developing Students Creativity Is Sports Competition Relevant to Academic Learning? Junk Food in School Nerds Are Successful in Later Life Nerds are generally socially hopeless people, but this does not make them clowns to play with. They are logical, inspired, and determined individuals who work harder and harder and therefore normally succeed later life. Since nerds’ social  life is limited, their tendency to focus more on their work provides them more opportunity to get a much better job. In fact, the richest people in the world are nerds and two of them were founders of Google. Nerds are often successful because they possess the qualities required to achieve their goals. For instance, nerds are academically proficient, hard workers, highly motivated; they do not waste time on parties, and likely to work in corporations built by more senior and highly successful nerds like Bill Gates, Mark Zuckerberg, Larry Ellison, Jack Dorsey, and others. These famous and successful nerds are mostly academic intellectuals who in later life used their genius in building a technology-based enterprise. Some nerds are also quite successful in other fields such as Ben Stein, a millionaire, lawyer, actor, and a successful writer who writes articles and speeches for famous people.

A Profile of Photographer Zana Briski, Director of Born Into Brothels

A Profile of Photographer Zana Briski, Director of Born Into Brothels In the late 1990s, Zana Briski, a London-born Cambridge University theology student turned photographer, ventured to India to document, as she puts it, the particular hells that women can go through - sex selective abortion, dowry deaths, the treatment of widows, child marriages. It was never her intention, she says, to photograph prostitutes - until, that is, she was introduced to Sonagachi, the red light district of Calcutta. When I entered the red-light district I had a very strong feeling of recognition and I knew that this was why I had come to India, she says in an e-mail interview. I spent two years gaining access - it took me that long to be offered a room in a brothel so I could live there. I photographed the women when conditions allowed and spent day after day just hanging around, watching, listening. Fate took yet another turn when Briski began interacting with the children of the prostitutes. I would play with the children and let them use my camera. They wanted to learn photography - that was their idea not mine. So I bought point-and-shoot film cameras and chose several kids who were most eager and committed and started to teach them in formal classes, she says. From the very first class, she adds, I knew something special was happening and that I needed to film what was going on. I had never picked up a video camera before, but I bought one and started filming as I was teaching the kids and living in the brothel. Eventually Briski persuaded her friend, filmmaker Ross Kauffman, to join her in India. Over the next two years the pair documented Briskis efforts not just to teach the children photography, but to get them into good schools where they might have a chance at a more hopeful future. The result was Born Into Brothels, a gritty and poignant account of Briskis time with the red-light kids of Calcutta, as they came to be known. At turns joyous and heartbreaking, the film focuses on eight of the kids in particular, including Kochi, a painfully shy girl who almost certainly faces a life in prostitution unless she can escape the poverty and despair of Sonagachi and gain admission to a boarding school; and Avijit, the most gifted of Briskis students who nonetheless nearly gives up on photography after his mother is murdered. With the kind of eloquence that comes only from children, Avijit tells an interviewer early in the film, there is nothing called hope in my future. Shot on a shoestring budget, in a setting light years from Hollywood, Brothels might have languished in obscurity. But the film not only garnered raves from critics; it won the 2004 Academy Award for best documentary feature. Meanwhile, a book of the childrens photos was published and Briski set up a foundation, Kids With Cameras, to help pay for their schooling. Sadly, fairy-tale endings are all-too rare. Even with funding and encouragement not all of the red light kids, now young adults, have fared well in the intervening years. Briski confirmed a BBC report that one of the girls featured in the film later became a prostitute. She did so by choice and I respect her choice, Briski says. I dont consider that a failure or a shame. I trust she knows what is best for her. But many of the other children did go on to school in India, some even in the United States. Briski said Kochi studied at a prestigious school in Utah for several years before returning to India to finish her education. And recently Avijit, the child prodigy in Brothels, graduated from NYUs film school. Amazing, Briski says. I am so proud of him and all he has accomplished. Most people, having won an Oscar for their very first film, might be expected to continue on that path. But Briski felt pulled to return to her first love, photography, and a project called Reverence, in which she photographs insects around the world. Asked why she chose not to continue with filmmaking, Briski, 45, says even after winning an Oscar I do not consider myself to be a documentary filmmaker or a journalist. I move through the world in an open way and I respond to what is around me. Born Into Brothels and Kids With Cameras were not planned in any way. They were a response to what I discovered in the world. Photography is my medium, she adds. I am a traditional black-and-white photographer and I still shoot film and work in the darkroom. Reverence, Briski says, came to her through dreams of a praying mantis. The experience was so strong that I had to pay attention. Strange praying mantis coincidences would happen and I began to follow the clues - clues that have taken her to 18 countries to photograph and film mantids and other insects over the past seven years. Currently shes photographing jaguars in Brazil. If all goes as planned, the culmination of Briskis work will be a traveling museum with large-scale photographs, film and music. The project, which Briski hopes to open when she receives enough funding, is about respect of all life forms and changing our point of view. Not so different, she adds, from what I did in the brothels - bringing attention to those who are feared, ignored, abused, from their point of view.

Evaluate the statement that Foreign Direct Investment is the defining Essay

Evaluate the statement that Foreign Direct Investment is the defining activity of Multi - National Companies - Essay Example The multinational corporations have tapped the opportunities of tax incentives, cheap labour, technological leverage, cost benefits and made good use of the comparative advantage of the host economies to increase their production and profitability. There are major theories that explain the activities of the multinational corporations to engage in foreign direct investments. While there is a wide belief that multinational companies have engaged in FDI due to the fluctuation of interest rates, it has later been theorized that the activities of foreign direct investments by the MNCs are not only guided by profitability and exports but also focus on keeping control over their productions in the overseas market which could be evidenced by several property rights executed by the MNCs. The activities of the multinational corporations in engaging into foreign direct investments could be justified by the relative advantage of Foreign Direct Investments over exporting of goods and services. .. . ious fields in which globalization has influenced the economies all over the world are in the fields of trade and business transactions, investments in cross-border opportunities, movement of people across geographical boundaries and the transfer of knowledge from one country to another. Globalization had huge impacts on the activities of international trade (Krugman and Obstfeld, 2009, p.48). Due to the opening up of barriers of the economy, the new avenues for investments opened up for the companies that operate in the international stage. The ability of one country top produce goods and services over the other countries led to the comparative advantage of that country over its trading partner. These opportunities were explored by the corporations who had the potential to expand their business in the overseas markets and take advantage of the resources that were available at a less cost leading to comparative advantage. This led to the exchange of capital, goods and services, techn ologies across the international borders due to which commercial trade and transactions cropped up. The trading activities were funded by the multinational corporations who were ready to invest in more than one country and execute trading activities to attain absolute advantage over other market players. The globalization of trade was fuelled by the rise of multinational companies and trading activities flourished as it contributed to the growth of GDP of the economies all over world. Thus globalization laid the platform for the rise of multinational corporations whose activities of investments, production of goods and services led to the increase of trade all over the world. MNC and FDI goes together The multinational corporations are business entities that have presence in more than one

The Different Scial Status for Ancient Chinese Women Research Paper

The Different Scial Status for Ancient Chinese Women - Research Paper Example This essay stresses that the place of women in the society has always been an issue of concern for many decades. It is of crucial significance to note that in earlier days, women were considered less superior in many aspects of life. This consideration built a lot of misconception in the minds of the people, especially men in the society. The chauvinism aspects of the male species majorly reinforced these forms of misconceptions and ill beliefs towards the women. It is of crucial significance to note that male chauvinism as well as the ingrained mental misconceptions and ill beliefs led to several forms of oppressions to the women. It is important to note that these oppressions and sufferings that women underwent were a global ordeal in the ancient times. This paper makes a conclusion that it is critical to note that in the ancient days, the women were only expected to play domestic roles, limited to good mothering as well as performing other domestic chores. However, other roles within the society were preserves for men. Women were never allowed to run the families for this was purposefully a man’s role. In addition, women were not allowed to hold any offices. Moreover, the women were never allowed to take part in any constructive debates, discussions or sharing ideas in the society concerning certain issues. However, it is of crucial significance to note that with revolution as well as modernization, the situation has changed considerably. In the current world, women have been empowered to an extent that they perform same roles as men.